← Supply-Chain Attack Compendium

sha1-hulud-npm-packages

Incident Summary

Sha1-Hulud Second Coming broad npm package compromise

Sha1-Hulud "Second Coming" was a broad npm worm wave that compromised hundreds of packages beyond the separately tracked Zapier and ENS ecosystems, including major scoped groups such as @asyncapi, @posthog, @postman, @voiceflow, and @browserbasehq. The malicious releases invoked Bun from preinstall hooks, harvested GitHub, npm, cloud, local, and TruffleHog-discovered secrets, exfiltrated through public GitHub repos labeled "Sha1-Hulud: The Second Coming", attempted npm self-propagation, installed a self-hosted GitHub Actions runner, and could shred writable home files on non-CI Linux hosts. StepSecurity reported more than 21,000 public exfiltration repositories early in the incident.

Date
2025-11-23 to 2025-11-24
Category
Open Source
Target Surface
Package registry
Insertion Phase
distribution
Impact
Credential theft
Cause
Compromised Account/Credentials

What Was Affected

LanguageJavaScript
ComponentLibrary
Artifact typesource archive
Domain typepackage host
Domain npmjs.com

Compromised Versions

Incident Context

Motive
Credential Theft/Self-Propagation
Transitive
No
User Impact
21000
Observed Duration
1 days

Evidence

Compromised Artifacts

External References

Source Data

Source record: oss/sha1-hulud-npm-packages/meta.yaml